Frederic Roemschied, GRK 1589 / ITB / HU Berlin

Neural mechanisms of temperature compensation in an insect auditory system

The human brain largely remains functional regardless of whether one is searching for the shortest path to a warming shelter in a snowstorm, or running a marathon on a summer’s day. This robustness of brain functionality can be attributed to the maintenance of a constant body temperature, which requires a large investment of energy. Due to homeothermy, the temperature dependence of all chemical reactions, including those inside the body, loses relevance as a constraint for humans. For poikilotherms, in contrast, a rise in ambient temperature translates to an increase in body temperature, which speeds up all chemical processes. Yet, many poikilotherms exhibit robustness of vital behaviors across a broad range of temperatures, which suggests the existence of mechanisms that compensate for temperature dependencies at the microscopic level.
The present thesis proposes mechanisms for such temperature compensation, using the auditory system of the grasshopper as a model system. For various grasshopper species, the auditory system facilitates localization and recognition of conspecifics under conditions of low visibility. In particular, communication and recognition remain functional across a temperature range of up to 15°C.
Here, we show on the one hand how single nerve cells with temperature-dependent ion channels can generate a temperature-compensated stimulus representation. Importantly, we reveal that the underlying cell-intrinsic compensation mechanism need not impair neuronal energy efficiency. On the other hand, we show that sound processing in higher-order neurons does not exhibit the degree of compensation that is found at the input level. Using a combination of mathematical modeling and simulations we show how temperature compensation of song recognition can be achieved at the network level, with temperature-dependent neural filters. In principle the proposed mechanisms are applicable to all poikilothermic species.

Additional Information

PhD defence within the GRK "Sensory Computation in Neural Systems"

Organized by

Susanne Schreiber / Robert Martin